República Dominicana entre los países con mayor pobreza de la región con un 40.% igual que Paraguay
Santo Domingo.- La República Dominicana está situado entre los países con mayor pobreza de la región con un 40,7% al igual que Paraguay,seguidos del Salvador con 40,9% y Ecuador con un 33, 6%.
Así lo revela un estudio Panorama Social de América Latina desarrollado por la Cepal.
De acuerdo con el estudio, la pobreza en la República Dominicana bajó de 41.2% en el 2012, a 40.7% en el 2013.
Asimismo, RD ocupa el tercer lugar de los países con mayor indigencia, un 20,2%. El primer lugar lo ocupa El Salvador con un 12,5%, seguido de Paraguay con un 19,2%.
El estudio del Centro Económico para América Latina CEPAL la indigencia creció de 20% en 2012 a 20.2% en 2013.
El estudio también se refirió a los ingresos laborales totales de los hogares, siendo la República Dominicana el segundo país donde las mujeres aportan más, la proporción es de un 26%. Antes está Uruguay con un 39%.
“El aporte de las mujeres es siempre inferior a la mitad. De hecho, en ninguno de los países de la región dicha proporción llegó al 40% en 2012”, dice el informe.
Para la Cepal la pobreza en América Latina sigue siendo un problema estructural por un estancamiento de los índices en un 28,1 % desde el 2012.
Por las cifras, según la Cepal, la pobreza en la región se mantuvo estable entre 2012 y 2013 cuando afectó, en ambos años, a un 28.1 % de la población.
Para el 2014 se estima que el indicador cerró en un 28 %, lo que unido al crecimiento demográfico se traduciría en un aumento hasta los 167 millones de personas.
“El crecimiento del ingreso no es suficiente para abordar la pobreza”, dijo al presentar el informe Alicia Bárcena, secretaria ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (Cepal).
Agregó que es necesario aplicar políticas públicas para dotar a la población de servicios básicos que le permita superar la línea de pobreza.
Señaló también que la recuperación de la crisis financiera internacional no parece haber sido aprovechada lo suficiente para fortalecer políticas de protección social que disminuyan la vulnerabilidad frente a ciclos económicos.
Pese a la falta de progreso en el promedio regional, cinco de los 12 países con información disponible al 2013 registraron disminuciones de la pobreza por ingresos superiores a un punto porcentual por año.
Los países con mayor descenso fueron Paraguay, seguido de El Salvador, Colombia, Perú y Chile.
En tanto, la indigencia aumentó desde el 11,3 % en 2012 al 11,7 % en 2013, lo que supone un incremento de tres millones, hasta los 69 millones de personas.
Las proyecciones indican que en 2014 se habría registrado una nueva alza, hasta el 12 %, lo que significa que de los 167 millones de personas en pobreza ese año, 71 millones eran indigentes.
Además de analizar la pobreza por ingresos, el estudio presentó una medición complementaria, multidimensional, que abarca cinco ámbitos: vivienda, servicios básicos, educación, empleo y protección social y el estándar de vida referido a ingresos monetarios y posesión de bienes duraderos.
Esta medición considera que una persona es pobre si tiene carencias en más de una de estas dimensiones.
Según este índice, entre 2005 y 2012 la incidencia de la pobreza multidimensional se redujo. como promedio para 17 países de la región, desde el 39 al 28 % de la población, cifras similares a las de la pobreza por ingresos.
En todos los casos se registraron descensos en esta medición, correspondiendo los mayores a Argentina, Uruguay, Brasil, Chile y Venezuela.
En lo que respecta a la desigualdad, se observa una mejora en los 15 países con información actualizada, con la única excepción de Costa Rica.
Entre 2002 y 2013, en estos países el índice de Gini, referido a la distribución del ingreso, donde cero es la igualdad total, cayó aproximadamente un 10 %, desde 0,542 a 0,486.
En tanto, entre 2008 y 2013, la participación en los ingresos totales del 20 % de los hogares más pobres se incrementó desde el 5,2 al 5,6 %, mientras que la del quintil más rico se redujo desde 48,4 al 46,7 %.
Bárcena destacó que en materia de gasto social la región hizo un esfuerzo significativo a partir del 2008 para enfrentar la crisis financiera internacional.
Sin embargo, entre 2012 y 2013 se observó una desaceleración del crecimiento del gasto social, que responde principalmente al escaso dinamismo de la economía internacional y al impulso de la inversión en los sectores no sociales.
Si en 2008-2009 el gasto público social como porcentaje del producto interior bruto (PIB) en América Latina se situó como promedio en un 18,3 %, en el siguiente bienio ascendió al 18,9% y en 2012-2013 alcanzó al 19,1%, aunque sigue habiendo grandes diferencias entre países.
El diagnóstico de Cepal es que pese a estos avances se requiere una mayor focalización de las políticas públicas en segmentos como loa jóvenes y las mujeres, que son los que resultan más afectados por la falta de acceso al empleo.
“El 22 % de la juventud no está integrada ni a la educación ni al trabajo y la mayor parte de ellos son mujeres”, sostuvo Bárcena.
“No es que los jóvenes no quieran estudiar ni trabajar sino que no se les da la oportunidad”, agregó.
Junto con ello, sostuvo que hay una fuerte estigmatización de la juventud, pues se les asocia con los segmentos con más delincuencia, en circunstancias de que los mayores índices de violencia se ubican en la población de 29 a 44 años.
En cuanto a las brechas de participación laboral por género, el estudio establece que si bien se han reducido en la última década en la mayoría de los países, “existe en todos los casos un margen importante para aumentar la participación de las mujeres.
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Each level-up offers a new move or an upgrade to strengthen your build. 3118be35.
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Pick a partner Pokemon and survive waves of wild Pokemon as long as you can. c8abb797.
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Friends can share a co-op run from their own browsers. 7358d762.
Evolving attacks can turn a weak starter into a strong late-game build. 61ce3520.
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Pausing with Esc lets players rest or change settings during a run. dd0fceb9.
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Evolving attacks can turn a weak starter into a strong late-game build. d1372f7e.
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Starter Pokemon, evolutions, and legendary Pokemon can all appear in a run. 22f45ed6.
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